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embryonal carcinoma
Embryonal carcinoma is a relatively uncommon type of germ cell tumour that occurs in the ovaries and testes.
==Ovarian embryonal carcinoma==
In the ovary, embryonal carcinoma is quite rare, amounting to approximately three percent of ovarian germ cell tumours. The median age at diagnosis is 15 years. Symptoms and signs are varied, and may include sexual precocity and abnormal (increased, reduced or absent) uterine bleeding.〔Mills, S (ed.) 2009. Sternberg's Diagnostic Pathology. 5th Edition. ISBN 978-0-7817-7942-5〕
There may be elevations in serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels but it would be in association with other tumors, (e.g. yolk sac tumor) because they themselves do not produce the serum markers.〔Robbins Review of Pathology By Edward C. Klatt and Vinay Kumar, 300 pp, with illus, Philadelphia, Pa, WB Saunders Co, 2000.〕 At surgery, there is extension of the tumour beyond the ovary in forty percent of cases. They are generally large, unilateral tumours, with a median diameter of 17 centimetres. Long-term survival has improved following the advent of chemotherapy.〔 The gross and histologic features of this tumour are similar to that seen in the testis.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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